Traces on the Moon
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Traces on the Moon

Presenting official, verifiable evidence of human presence on the Moon from the Apollo missions.

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Official Sources

  • NASA Apollo Program
  • LROC Mission
  • NSSDC Archive
All missions

November 1969

Apollo 12

Precision landing near Surveyor 3

Spacecraft: CSM Yankee Clipper·LM Intrepid

Alan Bean deploys the lunar surface magnetometer during Apollo 12 EVA

Second lunar landing: two EVAs, full ALSEP, and a precision approach to Surveyor III.

NASA

Official source

Key facts

Landing site

Ocean of Storms

Surface EVA

7 hours, 45 minutes

Samples returned

34.35 kg (75.73 lb)

Flight duration

10 days, 4 hours, 36 minutes

Launch

November 14, 1969

Lunar landing

November 19, 1969

Earth return

November 24, 1969

Terrain

Oceanus Procellarum

Crew

Commander
Charles Conrad Jr.
Command module pilot
Richard F. Gordon Jr.
Lunar module pilot
Alan L. Bean

Landing site

Published coordinates for the landing point in Oceanus Procellarum. Open Explore for Site detail imagery tied to this mission, or read how LRO images relate to Apollo and browse orbital evidence entries.

3.01239° S latitude

23.42157° W longitude

View in explorer

Orbital context

LROC imagery of the Apollo 12 landing zone

LRO narrow-angle camera products georeference hardware and surface disturbance at the published coordinates for Ocean of Storms. Featured-site pages and catalogue links below point to the same releases cited on the Evidence page. All six Apollo sites from orbit lists every crewed zone with LROC featured links in one table.

LROC mosaic of Apollo 12 site with LM, ALSEP, Surveyor III, and traverse paths

Official LROC mosaic tying Intrepid, ALSEP, and Surveyor III in one georeferenced frame.

NASA / Goddard / Arizona State University (LROC)

Official source

Evidence at this site

What LRO, surface photography, and archives show at Ocean of Storms

Surface & instruments

Annotated LROC map of Apollo 12 landing area at high resolution

Traverse-scale mapping demonstrates how orbital products close the loop with surface operations.

NASA / Goddard / Arizona State University (LROC)

Official source

LROC post-401 annotated site mosaic

The “Pinpoint Landing” release labels Intrepid, ALSEP, Surveyor III, and named craters at ~25 cm/px—ideal for traverse-scale verification.

Visible EVA paths in NAC data

Low-periapsis mosaics resolve boot paths between the LM, ALSEP, and Surveyor—consistent with ALSJ traverse maps.

Co-located robotic and crewed hardware

Two spacecraft in one LRO frame is a strong geometric constraint: natural terrain alone would not reproduce the observed configuration.

Long-lived surface geophysics

ALSEP telemetry archives document instrument deployment and years of passive operation after crew departure.

Selected frames

Lunar surface near the Apollo 12 lunar module

Surface perspective beside Intrepid.

NASA

Apollo 12 view of the lunar surface during EVA

Ocean of Storms geology in crew photography.

NASA

Stereo pair view of Apollo 12 lunar surface

Stereo documentation supports terrain interpretation.

NASA

Common questions about evidence for this landing

Factual shortcuts—full citations sit in the sections above and in mission source links.

What do LRO and LROC images show at Ocean of Storms?
Published Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter Camera (LROC) narrow-angle products resolve hardware, experiments, and regolith disturbance at the selenographic coordinates on this page. Use the orbital section above and the official LROC / NASA links under “Official sources” for the featured-site and data-product pages for Apollo 12.
Where can I read how this evidence fits the wider Apollo record?
The How we know page summarizes independent lines of proof. The Evidence catalogue groups LRO imagery, hardware, LLR, photo comparisons, and NASA documents with primary links.

Site imagery

Curated in explorer Site Detail

Apollo 12 — Ocean of Storms. Use the explorer’s Site detail tab for the same rasters, or open the official product pages below.

Site map

Site map — annotated landing site (LROC post 401)

Official LROC curated map: low-altitude NAC mosaic (M175428601R) with astronaut crater names, LM *Intrepid*, ALSEP, and Surveyor III callouts—Ocean of Storms footprint at ~25 cm/px scale in the released figure.

Official LROC / NASA productFile / catalog page

Evidence close-up

LM, ALSEP, Surveyor III, tracks (LROC NAC)

Low-altitude NAC mosaic (~275 m wide): lunar module descent stage, ALSEP, Surveyor III, and astronaut tracks are visible.

Official LROC / NASA productFile / catalog page
Open explorer — Site detail

Mission overview

Apollo 12 demonstrated targeting accuracy by landing Intrepid within walking distance of Surveyor III, deployed a full ALSEP, conducted two EVAs, and returned Surveyor hardware and 34 kg of samples for laboratory study.

Key achievements

  • First precision lunar landing
  • Retrieved Surveyor 3 hardware
  • Two moonwalks totaling nearly 8 hours

Surface hardware & experiments

  • ALSEP
  • Surface magnetometer
  • Solar wind spectrometer

Timeline highlights

  1. November 14, 1969

    Launch & translunar flight

    Saturn V sends Yankee Clipper and Intrepid toward the Moon after insertion and TLI.

  2. November 19, 1969

    Precision landing near Surveyor III

    Intrepid touches down ~180 m from Surveyor Crater’s robotic visitor—within the narrow ellipse predicted from mission planning.

  3. November 19–20, 1969

    Two EVAs: ALSEP & Surveyor inspection

    Crew deploys ALSEP, emplaces instruments on the mare, inspects Surveyor III, and returns selected parts to Earth.

  4. November 24, 1969

    Splashdown in the Pacific

    End-to-end mission duration and sample handover follow published Apollo recovery procedures.

Official sources

Primary portals and data releases for verifying mission-specific claims. Cross-check themes on the Evidence catalogue and the wider How we know overview when you need category-level context.

  • NASA — Apollo 12 mission summaryhttps://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/apollo/missions/apollo12.html
  • LROC — Apollo 12 & Surveyor 3 featured sitehttps://www.lroc.asu.edu/featured_sites/view/apollo_12_visited
  • LROC — Pinpoint Landing (post 401)https://www.lroc.asu.edu/posts/401
  • LROC — 51st anniversary mosaic (post 1135)https://www.lroc.asu.edu/posts/1135
  • Apollo Lunar Surface Journal — Apollo 12https://www.hq.nasa.gov/alsj/a12/a12.html

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