Traces on the Moon
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Traces on the Moon

Presenting official, verifiable evidence of human presence on the Moon from the Apollo missions.

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Official Sources

  • NASA Apollo Program
  • LROC Mission
  • NSSDC Archive
All missions

February 1971

Apollo 14

First highlands landing; extended surface traversal

Spacecraft: CSM Kitty Hawk·LM Antares

Alan Shepard on the lunar surface during Apollo 14

Fra Mauro Highlands landing: two EVAs and deployment of a new ALSEP package.

NASA

Official source

Key facts

Landing site

Fra Mauro

Surface EVA

9 hours, 22 minutes

Samples returned

42.28 kg (93.21 lb)

Flight duration

9 days, 0 hours, 2 minutes

Launch

January 31, 1971

Lunar landing

February 5, 1971

Earth return

February 9, 1971

Terrain

Fra Mauro Formation

Crew

Commander
Alan B. Shepard Jr.
Command module pilot
Stuart A. Roosa
Lunar module pilot
Edgar D. Mitchell

Landing site

Published coordinates for the landing point in Fra Mauro Formation. Open Explore for Site detail imagery tied to this mission, or read how LRO images relate to Apollo and browse orbital evidence entries.

3.64530° S latitude

17.47136° W longitude

View in explorer

Orbital context

LROC imagery of the Apollo 14 landing zone

LRO narrow-angle camera products georeference hardware and surface disturbance at the published coordinates for Fra Mauro. Featured-site pages and catalogue links below point to the same releases cited on the Evidence page. All six Apollo sites from orbit lists every crewed zone with LROC featured links in one table.

LROC image of the Apollo 14 landing site from orbit

LROC re-imaging of Fra Mauro ties descent hardware to the published landing ellipse.

NASA / Goddard / Arizona State University (LROC)

Official source

Evidence at this site

What LRO, surface photography, and archives show at Fra Mauro

Surface & instruments

LROC stereo-derived view of objects at the Apollo 14 landing site

NAC stereo products support measured geometry of surface artifacts—an independent cross-check on coordinates.

NASA / Goddard / Arizona State University (LROC)

Official source

Published traverse map (LROC post 29)

The NAC stereo paper’s Figure 1 is an official traverse basemap—EVA paths, stations, and major craters appear on a georeferenced background.

NAC frame tying LM & ALSEP

The `369441main` release resolves Antares, ALSEP, MET tracks, and disturbance patterns across the landing ellipse.

Second Apollo laser array

Apollo 14’s LRRR augments the lunar laser ranging network with an independent deployment geometry from Apollo 11.

Equipment cart trails

MET wheel and boot paths are visible in orbital imagery where lighting favors shallow disturbance contrast.

Lunar laser ranging

Apollo 14 Retroreflector

Earth-Moon distance measurements at millimeter precision.

Deployed 1971-02-05

Selected frames

Alan Shepard with golf club on the Moon during Apollo 14

Documented surface activity during EVA.

NASA

Alan Shepard in spacesuit during Apollo 14

Commander in lunar surface equipment.

NASA

Common questions about evidence for this landing

Factual shortcuts—full citations sit in the sections above and in mission source links.

What do LRO and LROC images show at Fra Mauro?
Published Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter Camera (LROC) narrow-angle products resolve hardware, experiments, and regolith disturbance at the selenographic coordinates on this page. Use the orbital section above and the official LROC / NASA links under “Official sources” for the featured-site and data-product pages for Apollo 14.
Did Apollo 14 leave a laser-ranging retroreflector on the surface?
Yes. This flight deployed an Apollo laser ranging package still timed by Earth observatories. See the lunar laser ranging callout in the evidence section, then follow NASA and ILRS references from the Sources index and the retroreflector catalogue.
Where can I read how this evidence fits the wider Apollo record?
The How we know page summarizes independent lines of proof. The Evidence catalogue groups LRO imagery, hardware, LLR, photo comparisons, and NASA documents with primary links.

Site imagery

Curated in explorer Site Detail

Apollo 14 — Fra Mauro. Use the explorer’s Site detail tab for the same rasters, or open the official product pages below.

Site map

Site map — traverse layout (LROC post 29, Fra Mauro)

Official LROC NAC stereo release (post 29), Figure 1: curated traverse map with EVA paths, stations, and major features on the Fra Mauro site basemap (NASA/GSFC/ASU/OSU).

Official LROC / NASA productFile / catalog page

Evidence close-up

NAC landing-site frame — LM *Antares* and ALSEP (369441main release)

NASA/LROC `369441main_lroc_apollo14_lrg` product: narrow-angle view resolving *Antares*, ALSEP, MET/tool cart tracks, and traverse disturbance across the landing ellipse from the first public LROC Apollo 14 release.

Official LROC / NASA productFile / catalog page
Open explorer — Site detail

Mission overview

After a launch delay, Antares landed in the Fra Mauro highlands—Apollo 13’s original target—deployed ALSEP and a second LRRR, used the MET for equipment transport, and executed a geology traverse toward Cone crater under tight operational rules.

Key achievements

  • First landing in lunar highlands
  • Extended surface traverses
  • Collected very old lunar samples

Surface hardware & experiments

  • ALSEP
  • Mobile Equipment Transporter
  • Laser retroreflector

Timeline highlights

  1. January 31, 1971

    Launch after scrub recovery

    Saturn V ascent and translunar injection place Kitty Hawk and Antares on path to Fra Mauro.

  2. February 5, 1971

    Highlands landing

    Powered descent ends in the Fra Mauro formation; crew prepares for dual-EVA geology operations with MET support.

  3. February 5–6, 1971

    EVAs toward Cone crater

    Traverses sample ejecta and deploy ALSEP plus LRRR; surface photography documents stations along the EVA route.

  4. February 9, 1971

    Pacific splashdown

    Mission concludes with sample return under standard Apollo recovery and curation flows.

Official sources

Primary portals and data releases for verifying mission-specific claims. Cross-check themes on the Evidence catalogue and the wider How we know overview when you need category-level context.

  • NASA — Apollo 14 mission summaryhttps://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/apollo/missions/apollo14.html
  • LROC — Apollo 14 featured sitehttps://www.lroc.asu.edu/featured_sites/view/apollo_14_visited
  • LROC — Fra Mauro stereo / traverse (post 29)https://www.lroc.asu.edu/posts/29
  • Apollo Lunar Surface Journal — Apollo 14https://www.hq.nasa.gov/alsj/a14/a14.html

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