Sources

Primary references for verification

Official portals, datasets, and archives cited across this site—grouped by steward institution so you can audit claims at the source.

Using this page

Every entry below points to a first-party or clearly documented host (NASA, ASU/LROC, ILRS, public archives). Prefer these over secondary summaries when checking a fact.

Mission tags show which Apollo landings the resource covers; they link to our mission pages for context, not as a substitute for the original URL.

For how entries are grouped by evidence type (orbital imagery, surface hardware, lunar laser ranging, documentation), see the Evidence catalogue; for coordinates and regional context, open Explore.

Source group

NASA

Program portals, science missions, sample curation, and consolidated data services hosted or sponsored by the agency.

DocumentationLLRGeodesy

NASA Science Mission Directorate

Lunar laser ranging — science overview

Agency-level explanation of LLR science, Apollo arrays, and ongoing Earth-based measurements.

Open official resource

https://science.nasa.gov/moon/lunar-laser-ranging/

ArchiveMetadataSearch

NASA GSFC

NSSDCA — spacecraft & experiment master catalogue

Searchable registry of spacecraft, instruments, and data collections—including Apollo-era missions.

Open official resource

https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/search.action

Source group

LROC / Arizona State University

Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter Camera operations, featured landing-site pages, and calibrated data products.

PortalLRONACWAC

Arizona State University / NASA

LROC — mission home

Gateway to LROC science themes, data access pointers, and team publications.

Open official resource

https://www.lroc.asu.edu/

Data accessRDRCDRPDS

Arizona State University

LROC — data & user documentation

Calibration notes, product definitions, and access paths for research-ready LROC data.

Open official resource

https://lroc.sese.asu.edu/data

Source group

ILRS & lunar laser ranging

International coordination for laser ranging and reference material on Apollo retroreflector experiments.

ProgramLLRGeodesyStations

ILRS (multi-agency)

International Laser Ranging Service

Coordinating body for global laser ranging stations, data formats, and analysis standards.

Open official resource

https://ilrs.gsfc.nasa.gov/

DocumentationSurveyReferences

Wikipedia (sourced article)

Lunar laser ranging experiment

Readable overview with citations to primary literature—useful orientation before reading ILRS technical notes.

Open official resource

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lunar_laser_ranging_experiment

Source group

Apollo documentation, transcripts & archives

Surface journals, flight materials, and long-term archival indexes that preserve the operational record.

DatasetPDSSearchOrbital

NASA Planetary Data System

PDS — Lunar Orbital Data Explorer

Search and download interface for LRO and legacy lunar orbital products archived under PDS.

Open official resource

https://ode.rsl.wustl.edu/moon/indexproductsearch.aspx

Source group

Mission-specific imagery resources

Curated imagery and map products keyed to individual flights and landing zones.

ImageryNACFeatured

Arizona State University

LROC — Apollo 11 visited

Featured-site page for Tranquility Base with selected observations and captions.

Missions

Open official resource

https://www.lroc.asu.edu/featured_sites/view/apollo_11_visited

ImageryNACSurveyor

Arizona State University

LROC — Apollo 12 & Surveyor 3 visited

Featured-site coverage including proximity to Surveyor III and traverse context.

Missions

Open official resource

https://www.lroc.asu.edu/featured_sites/view/apollo_12_visited

ImageryNACHighlands

Arizona State University

LROC — Apollo 14 visited

Fra Mauro landing zone imagery and science context.

Missions

Open official resource

https://www.lroc.asu.edu/featured_sites/view/apollo_14_visited

ImageryNACLRV

Arizona State University

LROC — Apollo 15 visited

Hadley–Apennine corridor, rover tracks, and hardware at the J-mission site.

Missions

Open official resource

https://www.lroc.asu.edu/featured_sites/view/apollo_15_visited

ImageryNACHighlands

Arizona State University

LROC — Apollo 16 visited

Descartes highlands landing ellipse and traverse evidence.

Missions

Open official resource

https://www.lroc.asu.edu/featured_sites/view/apollo_16_visited

ImageryNACValley

Arizona State University

LROC — Apollo 17 visited

Taurus–Littrow valley site, Challenger descent stage, and surface features.

Missions

Open official resource

https://www.lroc.asu.edu/featured_sites/view/apollo_17_visited